Efalizumab is an immunosuppressive, recombinant humanized IgG1κ monoclonal antibody (MW ~150 kDa) that binds to human CD11a, the α-subunit of leukocyte function antigen-1 (LFA-1). By inhibiting the binding of LFA-1, which is found on all leukocytes, to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), efalizumab thereby blocks adhesion of leukocytes to other cell types. As ICAM-1 cell surface expression is upregulated on endothelium and keratinocytes in psoriatic plaques, efalizumab is thought to act via downregulation of activation, adhesion, migration, and numbers of T lymphocytes and potentially through immunomodulation of other cell types as well.
Based upon the results of four pre-licensing trials in subjects with chronic plaque psoriasis, efalizumab was granted licensing approval in 2003 for the treatment of chronic moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in adults age 18 or older who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy. Adverse effects associated with efalizumab administration include immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, for which an FDA Medwatch warning was issued in July 2005.
| Source | Link | Revision Date | Access Date |
| Raptiva Prescribing Information | http://www.gene.com/gene/products/in...gical/raptiva/ | 2005-June | 2008-June-04 |
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