Etanercept is a dimeric, recombinant fusion protein consisting of the extracellular ligand-binding domain of the human 75 kilodalton (p75) tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1. Etanercept binds to soluble but not cell-surface bound forms of TNFα and TNFβ.
TNFα is a central mediator of inflammation and is known to be dysregulated in a range of autoimmune diseases. TNFα blockers are thought to provide effective immunosuppression through a variety of mechanisms: neutralization of soluble and/or membrane-bound TNFα , direct cellular toxicity via complement-mediated lysis and/or antibody-dependent cytotoxicity, and induction of apoptosis or other downregulatory effects. Certain mechanisms may be dependent on whether TNFα blockade occurs on both soluble and cell-surface targets.
Etanercept was first licensed for use in rheumatoid arthritis in 1998. Additional indications for etanercept include juvenile idiopathic arthritis, plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis.
rheumatoid arthritis
juvenile idiopathic arthritis
psoriatic arthritis
ankylosing spondylitis
plaque psoriasis
| Source | Link | Revision Date | Access Date |
| Enbrel Prescribing Information | http://www.enbrel.com/prescribing-information.jsp | 2006-December | 2008-June-05 |
| Wong M, Ziring D, et al. TNFalpha blockade in human diseases: mechanisms and future directions. Clin Immunol. 2008 Feb;126(2):121-36 | http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/art...medid=17916444 | ||
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